Passive voice adalah salah satu materi yang sangat penting dalam bahasa Inggris dan sering muncul di ujian SMP, SMA, maupun seleksi masuk perguruan tinggi dan tes kompetensi bahasa Inggris. Passive voice digunakan untuk menekankan penerima tindakan daripada pelaku. Dengan kata lain, subjek dalam kalimat passive menerima aksi. Struktur dasar passive voice adalah to be + past participle (V3), dan pelaku aksi biasanya disebutkan dengan kata “by” tetapi bisa dihilangkan jika tidak relevan atau tidak diketahui

Materi passive voice menjadi favorit dalam ujian karena sering digunakan dalam kalimat fakta, prosedur, instruksi, berita, dan teks akademik. Untuk menguasai passive voice, siswa harus memahami pola dari semua tense, modal verb, dan cara mengubah kalimat active menjadi passive. Latihan soal pilihan ganda menjadi metode efektif untuk melatih pemahaman ini

Pengertian Passive Voice

Passive voice adalah kalimat yang menekankan penerima aksi. Contoh active voice: “The teacher teaches the students.” Kalimat passive-nya: “The students are taught by the teacher.” Di sini, subjek “the students” menerima aksi, bukan melakukan aksi. Rumus passive voice tergantung tense:

• Simple Present: am/is/are + V3 → “The book is read by the student.”
• Present Continuous: am/is/are + being + V3 → “The house is being cleaned by the maid.”
• Simple Past: was/were + V3 → “The car was repaired by the mechanic.”
• Past Continuous: was/were + being + V3 → “The room was being painted by the workers.”
• Present Perfect: has/have + been + V3 → “The project has been completed by the team.”
• Future: will + be + V3 → “The homework will be done by the students.”

Memahami rumus ini membantu siswa mengidentifikasi tense dan mengubah kalimat active ke passive dengan benar

Kumpulan Contoh Soal Pilihan Ganda Passive Voice

Soal 1
The students ______ the homework yesterday.
A. do
B. did
C. are done
D. were done
E. was done

Jawaban: E. was done
Pembahasan: Simple past tense. Passive voice: “The homework was done by the students yesterday.” Subjek “the homework” menerima aksi

Soal 2
The cake ______ by my mother now.
A. bakes
B. is baked
C. is being baked
D. was baked
E. has baked

Jawaban: C. is being baked
Pembahasan: Present continuous tense ditunjukkan oleh kata “now.” Rumus passive: am/is/are + being + V3 → “The cake is being baked by my mother now.”

Soal 3
The letter has already ______ by the secretary.
A. wrote
B. written
C. been written
D. write
E. writing

Jawaban: C. been written
Pembahasan: Present perfect tense → has/have + been + V3 → “The letter has been written by the secretary.”

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Soal 4
The car ______ by the mechanic when I arrived.
A. repaired
B. was repairing
C. was being repaired
D. is repaired
E. repairs

Jawaban: C. was being repaired
Pembahasan: Past continuous tense passive. Aksi sedang berlangsung → “The car was being repaired by the mechanic when I arrived.”

Soal 5
English is ______ all over the world.
A. speak
B. spoken
C. speaking
D. spoke
E. speaks

Jawaban: B. spoken
Pembahasan: Simple present passive untuk fakta umum → “English is spoken all over the world.”

Soal 6
They will finish the project next week → Passive voice
A. The project will be finished by them next week
B. The project is finished by them next week
C. The project has been finished by them next week
D. The project will have been finishing by them next week
E. The project is being finished by them next week

Jawaban: A. The project will be finished by them next week
Pembahasan: Future tense passive: will + be + V3 → “The project will be finished by them next week.”

Soal 7
Someone stole my bag → Passive voice
A. My bag was stolen
B. My bag is stolen
C. My bag has been stolen
D. My bag stole
E. My bag being stolen

Jawaban: A. My bag was stolen
Pembahasan: Simple past tense passive. Pelaku tidak disebutkan karena tidak diketahui → “My bag was stolen.”

Soal 8
The students ______ their essays before the deadline.
A. submit
B. were submitted
C. had submitted
D. had been submitted
E. have submitted

Jawaban: D. had been submitted
Pembahasan: Past perfect tense passive → had + been + V3 → “The students’ essays had been submitted before the deadline.”

Soal 9
The windows are dirty. Somebody should clean them → Passive voice
A. The windows should be cleaned
B. The windows should clean
C. The windows are cleaned
D. The windows being cleaned
E. The windows should have cleaned

Jawaban: A. The windows should be cleaned
Pembahasan: Modal verb + be + V3 → “The windows should be cleaned.”

Soal 10
People speak English all over the world → Passive voice
A. English is spoken all over the world
B. English speaks all over the world
C. English spoken all over the world
D. English is speaking all over the world
E. English was spoken all over the world

Jawaban: A. English is spoken all over the world
Pembahasan: Simple present passive untuk fakta umum. Subjek “English” menerima aksi → “English is spoken all over the world.”

Soal 11
The manager ______ the report by next Monday.
A. will prepare
B. will be prepared
C. will be prepared by
D. will be preparing
E. prepares

Jawaban: B. will be prepared
Pembahasan: Future tense passive: will + be + V3 → “The report will be prepared by the manager by next Monday.”

Soal 12
Someone has eaten my sandwich → Passive voice
A. My sandwich has eaten
B. My sandwich has been eaten
C. My sandwich is eaten
D. My sandwich was eaten
E. My sandwich being eaten

Jawaban: B. My sandwich has been eaten
Pembahasan: Present perfect tense passive → has/have + been + V3 → “My sandwich has been eaten.”

Soal 13
The children are playing football → Passive voice
A. Football is played by the children
B. Football are played by the children
C. Football is being played by the children
D. Football being played by the children
E. Football has been played by the children

Jawaban: C. Football is being played by the children
Pembahasan: Present continuous tense passive → am/is/are + being + V3 → “Football is being played by the children.”

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Soal 14
The workers built a new bridge → Passive voice
A. A new bridge built by the workers
B. A new bridge was built by the workers
C. A new bridge is built by the workers
D. A new bridge was being built by the workers
E. A new bridge has built by the workers

Jawaban: B. A new bridge was built by the workers
Pembahasan: Simple past passive → was/were + V3 → “A new bridge was built by the workers.”

Soal 15
They have cleaned the classroom → Passive voice
A. The classroom has been cleaned
B. The classroom has cleaned
C. The classroom is cleaned
D. The classroom is being cleaned
E. The classroom cleaned

Jawaban: A. The classroom has been cleaned
Pembahasan: Present perfect tense passive → has/have + been + V3 → “The classroom has been cleaned.”

Tips Belajar Passive Voice untuk SMP & SMA

1. Pahami rumus passive voice untuk semua tense
2. Hafalkan past participle (V3) dari kata kerja umum
3. Perhatikan keterangan waktu untuk menentukan tense
4. Latih transformasi active → passive dan sebaliknya
5. Pahami penggunaan modal verbs dalam passive voice
6. Fokus pada soal fakta umum, instruksi, dan prosedur
7. Gunakan tabel perbandingan active → passive untuk mempermudah belajar
8. Rutin membaca teks berita atau artikel dalam bahasa Inggris untuk mengenali penggunaan passive voice dalam konteks nyata

Kesimpulan

Passive voice adalah materi bahasa Inggris yang sering muncul dalam ujian SMP dan SMA. Menguasai rumus, tense, dan penggunaan modal verb penting agar dapat menjawab soal pilihan ganda dengan cepat dan tepat. Kumpulan soal di atas beserta pembahasan membantu siswa memahami struktur passive voice, membedakan active dan passive, serta meningkatkan kemampuan analisis kalimat. Dengan latihan rutin, siswa dapat menguasai passive voice dan menghadapi ujian dengan percaya diri

Penulis : Reyfen