Pengertian Narrative Text Legenda
Narrative text adalah jenis teks yang menceritakan rangkaian peristiwa secara kronologis dan saling terhubung. Tujuannya adalah untuk menghibur pembaca sekaligus menyampaikan pesan moral. Salah satu jenis narrative text yang populer adalah legenda, yaitu cerita rakyat yang dianggap benar-benar terjadi tetapi tidak dikaitkan dengan waktu tertentu atau termasuk dalam mitologi.
Legenda biasanya bercerita tentang asal-usul suatu tempat, kejadian alam, atau karakter heroik. Ciri khas legenda adalah adanya campuran antara kenyataan dan supernatural, serta sering kali mengandung nilai-nilai budaya setempat. Memahami struktur dan unsur-unsur legenda sangat penting untuk dapat menganalisis dan menjawab soal-soal narrative text dengan tepat.
baca juga: Memahami Child-Woman Ratio: Contoh Soal dan
Struktur Narrative Text Legenda
Sebelum masuk ke contoh soal, penting untuk memahami struktur narrative text legenda:
- Orientation: Bagian pembuka yang memperkenalkan tokoh, latar tempat, dan latar waktu
- Complication: Munculnya konflik atau masalah yang dialami tokoh utama
- Resolution: Penyelesaian konflik atau masalah
- Reorientation: Bagian penutup yang biasanya berisi pesan moral atau perubahan nasib tokoh
Selain struktur, terdapat juga unsur-unsur intrinsik seperti tema, penokohan, alur, latar, dan sudut pandang yang perlu dipahami untuk menganalisis teks narrative legenda secara komprehensif.
Contoh Teks Narrative Legenda: “The Legend of Lake Toba”
Orientation
Once upon a time, there was a young man named Toba who lived in North Sumatra. He was a farmer who lived alone and spent his days working in his field. One day, he went fishing in a river and caught a large golden fish. To his surprise, the fish transformed into a beautiful woman.
Complication
The woman introduced herself as a cursed princess named Sidi. Toba fell in love with her and proposed marriage. Sidi agreed but with one condition: Toba must never reveal her origin as a fish. They married and had a son named Samosir. Samosir was a lazy boy who often disobeyed his parents. One day, Samosir was asked to deliver lunch to his father in the field, but he ate the food on the way. When Toba discovered this, he was furious and shouted, “You stupid son of a fish!”
Resolution
Sidi heard this from their house and was deeply hurt. She told Samosir to run to the hill. Then she asked Toba to see what happened to the river. The river had flooded and formed a large lake. Sidi and Samosir disappeared, and Toba realized that he had broken his promise. The lake is now known as Lake Toba, and the island in the middle is called Samosir Island.
Reorientation
The legend teaches us the importance of keeping promises and controlling our anger. It also explains the origin of Lake Toba and Samosir Island in North Sumatra.
Contoh Soal dan Pembahasan Narrative Legenda
Soal 1: Tujuan Komunikatif Teks
What is the communicative purpose of the legend above?
A. To describe Lake Toba
B. To entertain and explain the origin of Lake Toba
C. To persuade readers to visit Lake Toba
D. To inform about the history of North Sumatra
E. To describe the life of a farmer
Pembahasan:
Jawaban yang tepat adalah B. Tujuan komunikatif narrative text legenda adalah untuk menghibur pembaca sekaligus menjelaskan asal-usul suatu tempat atau fenomena. Pilihan A, C, D, dan E tidak tepat karena tidak mencerminkan tujuan utama dari teks narrative legenda.
Soal 2: Struktur Teks
“What is the function of the second paragraph in the text?”
A. To introduce the characters
B. To describe the setting
C. To present the complication
D. To resolve the conflict
E. To give the moral lesson
Pembahasan:
Jawaban yang tepat adalah C. Paragraf kedua menceritakan tentang munculnya konflik, yaitu ketika Toba melanggar janjinya dengan menyebut istirinya sebagai ikan. Pilihan A dan B terdapat di paragraf pertama (orientation), pilihan D di paragraf ketiga (resolution), dan pilihan E di paragraf terakhir (reorientation).
Soal 3: Informasi Rinci
“Why did Sidi ask Toba not to reveal her origin?”
A. Because she was ashamed of her past
B. Because she wanted to test Toba’s loyalty
C. Because it was part of the curse
D. Because her family forbade it
E. The text doesn’t mention the reason
Pembahasan:
Jawaban yang tepat adalah C. Dalam teks disebutkan bahwa Sidi adalah putri yang terkutuk (“cursed princess”), sehingga larangan untuk tidak mengungkap asal-usulnya kemungkinan merupakan bagian dari kutukan tersebut. Teks tidak secara eksplisit menyebutkan alasan lainnya.
Soal 4: Makna Kata
“The word ‘furious’ in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to…”
A. Sad
B. Angry
C. Disappointed
D. Confused
E. Happy
Pembahasan:
Jawaban yang tepat adalah B. Kata “furious” berarti sangat marah. Pilihan A (sedih), C (kecewa), D (bingung), dan E (senang) tidak tepat karena memiliki makna yang berbeda.
Soal 5: Kesimpulan
“What can we conclude from the story?”
A. Toba was a responsible father
B. Samosir was a diligent son
C. Breaking a promise can lead to serious consequences
D. Sidi didn’t love her family
E. The curse was not real
Pembahasan:
Jawaban yang tepat adalah C. Cerita ini menunjukkan bahwa melanggar janji dapat membawa konsekuensi serius, seperti yang dialami Toba yang kehilangan keluarganya. Pilihan A, B, D, dan E tidak didukung oleh informasi dalam teks.
Tips Menjawab Soal Narrative Legenda
- Baca teks secara keseluruhan terlebih dahulu sebelum melihat soal
- Identifikasi struktur teks (orientation, complication, resolution, reorientation)
- Perhatikan kata kunci dalam soal dan cari informasi yang relevan dalam teks
- Hati-hati dengan pertanyaan “NOT mentioned” atau “EXCEPT” yang meminta mencari informasi yang tidak disebutkan
- Untuk pertanyaan tentang moral value, pikirkan pelajaran apa yang dapat diambil dari cerita
- Latihan secara rutin dengan berbagai contoh teks narrative legenda
Latihan Soal Tambahan
Teks: “The Legend of Malin Kundang”
Long ago, in a small village near the coast of West Sumatra, lived a woman and her son, Malin Kundang. They were very poor. When Malin grew up, he decided to seek his fortune in the city by working on a trading ship.
Years passed, and Malin became a wealthy merchant. He married a beautiful woman from a rich family. One day, his ship anchored near his hometown. His mother, who recognized him, ran to the harbor to greet him. But Malin was ashamed of his poor mother and denied knowing her. He said, “I don’t know you, old woman!”
Heartbroken, his mother cursed him, “Oh God, if he is my son, turn him into stone.” Suddenly, a storm came and wrecked Malin’s ship. He fell into the water and turned into stone. The stone is now known as Malin Kundang Stone and can be seen in West Sumatra.
Soal 1: What is the main conflict of the story?
Soal 2: “He was ashamed of his poor mother.” The word “ashamed” means…
Soal 3: What is the moral value of the story?
Soal 4: Where can we find the evidence that Malin became successful?
Soal 5: What is the social issue discussed in the story?
Jawaban Latihan Soal
- Malin menyangkal ibunya sendiri karena malu dengan latar belakang keluarganya yang miskin
- Feeling embarrassed or guilty about something
- Kita harus menghormati orang tua dan tidak boleh melupakan asal usul
- Dari informasi bahwa ia menjadi pedagang kaya dan menikah dengan wanita dari keluarga kaya
- Masalah kelas sosial dan pengingkaran terhadap orang tua
Penulis: Tanjali Mulia Nafisa
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