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Sihir Eropa

Sihir Eropa dapat ditelusuri sejak zaman klasik, kala sihir dan agama saling berdampingan. Pada era pagan dari Romawi kuno, terdapat hukum melawan sihir sajaht. Setelah penyebaran agama Kristen, Gereja Katolik pada abad pertengahan mulai melirik sihir (maleficium) sebagai perpaduan sihir gelap dan kemurtadan yang melibatkan perjanjian dengan Iblis. Pada zaman modern awal, perburuan penyihir menjadi menyebar di Eropa, sebagian disebabkan oleh ketegangan aagama, kekhawatiran masyarakat dan kebangkitan ekonomi. Keyakinan Eropa akan sihir secara bertahap meredup saat dan setelah Abad Pencerahan.

Referensi

Kutipan karya

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Bacaan tambahan

Aakhus, P. (2008). "Astral Magic in the Renaissance: Gems, Poetry, and Patronage of Lorenzo de' Medici". Magic, Ritual & Witchcraft. 3 (2): 185–206. doi:10.1353/mrw.0.0103. S2CID 161829239.
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Brauner, Sigrid (2001). Fearless Wives and Frightened Shrews: The Construction of the Witch in Early Modern Germany. University of Massachusetts Press.
Briggs, Robin (1996). Witches & Neighbours: The Social and Cultural Context of European Witchcraft. Viking.
Callow, John (2022). The Last Witches of England, A Tragedy of Sorcery and Superstition. London: Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1788314398.
Clark, Stuart (1999). Thinking with Demons: The Idea of Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe. Oxford University Press.
Costantini, L. (2019). Magic in Apuleius' Apologia: Understanding the Charges and the Forensic Strategies in Apuleius' Speech. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3110616590.
Even-Ezra, A. (Winter 2017). "Cursus: an early thirteenth century source for nocturnal flights and ointments in the work of Roland of Cremona". Magic, Ritual and Witchcraft. 12 (2): 314–330. doi:10.1353/mrw.2017.0034.
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Spaeth, Barbette Stanley (2014). "From Goddess to Hag: The Greek and the Roman Witch in Classical Literature". Dalam Stratton, Kimberly B.; Kalleres, Dayna S. (ed.). Daughters of Hecate: Women and Magic in the Ancient World (Edisi online). Oxford Academic. hlm. 41–70. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195342703.003.0002. ISBN 978-0-19-534270-3. Diakses tanggal 2 October 2023 – via ResearchGate.
Stark, Ryan J. (2009). "Demonic Eloquence". Rhetoric, Science, and Magic in Seventeenth-Century England. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press. hlm. 115–45. ISBN 978-0-8132-1578-5.
Waite, Gary K. (2003). Heresy, Magic and Witchcraft in early modern Europe. Palgrave Macmillan.^{[tanpa ISBN]}
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Pranala luar

Witchcraft di In Our Time di BBC. (listen now)
Wicca, Witchcraft or Paganism? at Learnreligions.com
Witchcraft and Wicca at the CUNY Academic Commons
University of Edinburgh's Scottish witchcraft database Diarsipkan 2023-03-26 di Wayback Machine.

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