Wilayah persebaran serigala Italia; merah: keberadaan stabil; kuning: keberadaan tak biasa
Serigala Italia (Canis lupus italicus[3][4] atau Canis lupus lupus[5]), also known as the Apennine wolf,[6][7] adalah sebuah subspesies serigala abu-abu yang berasal dari Semenanjung Italia. Spesies tersebut menghuni Pegunungan Apennine dan Alpen Barat, meskipun spesies tersebut melakukan ekspansi menuju utara dan timur. Pada 2022, populasi serigala di Italia berjumlah sekitar 3.307 ekor.[8] Meskipun tak secara universal diakui sebagai subspesies berbeda,[5] spesies tersebut juga dianggap memiliki haplotipemtDNA yang unik[9][10][11] dan morfologi tulang berbeda.[12]
Spesies tersebut sangat dilindungi di Italia sejak 1970an, saat populasinya mencapai serendah 70–100 ekor. Populasinya meningkat dalam hal jumlah, meskipun perburuan ilegal dan persekusi masih dianggap ancaman. Sejak 1990an, wilayah persebaran serigala Italia meluas sampai tenggara Prancis[13] dan Swiss.[14]
Serigala Italai secara menonjol muncul dalam budaya Latin dan Italia, seperti serigala betina dalam legenda pendirian Roma.[15] Karena alasan tersebut, spesies tersebut secara tak resmi dianggap sebagai hewan nasional Italia.[16][17]
↑IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group ( Claudio Sillero). "Grey wolf Canis lupus". International Union for the Conservation of Nature - Canid Specialist Group.
↑Sardella, Raffaele; Bertè, Davide; Iurino, Dawid Adam; Cherin, Marco; Tagliacozzo, Antonio (2014). "The wolf from Grotta Romanelli (Apulia, Italy) and its implications in the evolutionary history of Canis lupus in the Late Pleistocene of Southern Italy". Quaternary International. 328–329: 179–195. Bibcode:2014QuInt.328..179S. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2013.11.016.
Anzidei, Anna Paola; Bulgarelli, Grazia Maria; Catalano, Paola; Cerilli, Eugenio; Gallotti, Rosalia; Lemorini, Cristina; Milli, Salvatore; Palombo, Maria Rita; Pantano, Walter; Santucci, Ernesto (2012). "Ongoing research at the late Middle Pleistocene site of La Polledrara di Cecanibbio (central Italy), with emphasis on human–elephant relationships". Quaternary International. 255: 171–187. Bibcode:2012QuInt.255..171A. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.06.005.
Boitani, L. (1995). "Ecological and cultural diversities in the evolution of wolf-human relationships". Dalam Carbyn, L. N.; Fritts, S. H.; Seip, D. R. (ed.). Ecology and conservation of wolves in a changing world(PDF). Edmonton: Canadian Circumpolar Institute. hlm.3–12. Diarsipkan dari asli(PDF) tanggal 2015-07-17. Diakses tanggal 2014-05-16.
Monnier, A.; Figuet, R. (May 2013). Le loup en France Plan national d'action sur le loup 2008-2012[The wolf in France National action plan on the wolf 2008-2012] (dalam bahasa Prancis). CGAAER. hlm.78.
Randi, Ettore; Lucchini, Vittorio; Christensen, Mads Fjeldsø; Nadia, Mucci; Funk, Stephan M.; Dolf, Gaudenz; Loeschcke, Volker (2000). "Mitochondrial DNA variability in Italian and east European wolves: Detecting the conseguences of small population size and hybridization". Conservation Biology. 14 (2): 464–473. Bibcode:2000ConBi..14..464R. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98280.x. S2CID86614655.
Wayne, Robert K.; Lehman, Niles; Allard, Marc W.; Honeycutt, Rodney L. (1992). "Mitochondrial DNA variability of the gray wolf: genetic consequences of population decline and habitat fragmentation on genetic variability". Conservation Biology. 6 (4): 559–69. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1992.06040559.x.
Bacaan tambahan
Apollonio, Marco; Mattioli, Luca (2006). Il Lupo in Provincia di Arezzo[The Wolf in the Province of Arezzo] (dalam bahasa Italia). Editrice Le Balze. ISBN978-88-7539-123-2.
Boitani, Luigi (1987). Dalla parte del lupo: la riscoperta scientifica e culturale del mitico predatore[On the side of the wolf: the scientific and cultural rediscovery of the mythical predator] (dalam bahasa Italia). Mondadori.
Comincini, Mario (2002). L'uomo e la "bestia antropofaga": storia del lupo nell'Italia settentrionale dal XV al XIX secolo[Man and the "anthropophagous beast": history of the wolf in northern Italy from the 15th to the 19th century] (dalam bahasa Italia). Unicopoli. ISBN978-88-400-0774-8.
Diviacco, Giovanni; Campora, Massimo; Cottalasso, Renato (2009). Sulle tracce del lupo in Liguria[On the trail of the wolf in Liguria] (dalam bahasa Italia). Centro Stampa Offset.
Genovesi, P., ed. (2002). Piano d'azione nazionale per la conservazione del Lupo (Canis lupus)[National action plan for the conservation of the wolf (Canis lupus)](PDF) (dalam bahasa Italia). Quaderni di Conservazione della Natura, 13, Min. Ambiente - Istituto Nazionale per la Fauna Selvatica.
Marucco, Francesca (2014). Il lupo: Biologia e gestione nelle Alpi ed in Europa[The wolf: Biology and management in the Alps and in Europe] (dalam bahasa Italia). Il Piviere. ISBN978-88-96348-23-9.
Marucco, Francesca (2015). I lupi delle Alpi Marittime: Storie e curiosità sui branchi che per primi hanno ricolonizzato le Alpi[Wolves of the Maritime Alps: Stories and curiosities about the packs that first re-colonized the Alps] (dalam bahasa Italia). Blu Edizioni. ISBN978-88-7904-200-0.
Meriggi, Alberto; Brangi, Anna; Matteucci, Carlo; Sacchi, Oreste (1996). "The feeding habits of wolves in relation to large prey availability in northern Italy". Ecography. 19 (3): 287–295. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.1996.tb00238.x.
