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Daftar organisme menurut jumlah kromosom

Daftar organisme berikut disusun berdasarkan jumlah kromosom dalam sel berbagai tumbuhan, binatang, protista, dan makhluk hidup lain, termasuk manusia. Diberikan dalam jumlah diploid (2n). Ini bukan daftar lengkap, melainkan sebagai perbandingan antara jenis-jenis makhluk.

Organisme	Nama ilmiah	Jumlah diploid kromosom (2n = x)	Catatan
Ciliated Protozoa	Oxytricha trifallax	15600 ^[1]
Adders-tongue	Ophioglossum reticulatum	1260 ^[2]	Jenis tumbuhan paku ini dikenal mempunyai jumlah kromosom tertinggi di antara semua bentuk kehidupan. Jumlah yang diberikan di sini adalah yang terbanyak, menunjukkan banyak varian.
Agrodiaetus (kupu-kupu)	Agrodiaetus shahrami	268 ^[3]	Serangga ini mempunyai kromosom terbanyak di antara semua binatang.
Field Horsetail	Equisetum arvense	216
Rattlesnake fern	Botrypus virginianus	184^[4]
Northern Lamprey	Petromyzontinae	174^[1]
Carp		104
Red viscacha rat	Tympanoctomys barrerae	102 ^[5]	Highest number known in mammals, formerly thought to be a tetraploid.^[6]
Kamraj (fern)	Helminthostachys zeylanica	94
Aquatic Rat	Anotomys leander	92^[7]	Dahulu dikira jumlah kromosom tertinggi di antara mamalia, sama dengan Ichthyomys pittieri.
Udang	Penaeus semisulcatus	86–92 ^[8]
Tikus pemakan kepiting (roden semiakuatik)	Ichthyomys pittieri	92^[7]	Dahulu dikira jumlah kromosom tertinggi di antara mamalia, sama dengan Anotomys leander.
Grape fern	Sceptridium	90
Landak susu genus Atelerix (landak Afrika)		90
Moonworts	Botrychium	90
Landak susu genus Erinaceus (landak Woodland)		88
Nagaho-no-natsu-no-hana-warabi	Botrypus strictus	88	B. strictus dan B. virginianus ditunjukkan sebagai paraphyletic dalam genus Botrypus
Burung merpati (pigeon)		80
Kalkun		80^[9]
African Wild Dog	Lycaon pictus	78^[10]
Ayam	Gallus gallus domesticus	78
Koyote	Canis latrans	78^[10]
Dhole	Cuon alpinus	78
Dingo	Canis lupus dingo	78^[10]
Anjing	Canis lupus familiaris	78^[11]	76 autosomal dan 2 seksual.^[12]
Burung merpati (dove)		78^[13]	Berdasarkan burung merpati African collared
Golden Jackal	Canis aureus	78^[10]
Serigala	Canis lupus	78
Maned Wolf	Chrysocyon brachyurus	76
Beruang hitam Amerika	Ursus americanus	74
Beruang hitam Asia	Ursus thibetanus	74
Beruang cokelat	Ursus arctos	74
Beruang kutub	Ursus maritimus	74
Sloth	Melursus ursinus	74
Beruang madu	Helarctos malayanus	74
Musang bat-eared	Otocyon megalotis	72^[10]
Black nightshade	Solanum nigrum	72^[14]
Rusa berekor putih	Odocoileus virginianus	70
Elk (Wapiti)	Cervus canadensis	68
Rusa merah	Cervus elaphus	68
Gray Fox	Urocyon cinereoargenteus	66^[10]
Anjing rakun	Nyctereutes procyonoides	66	Some variation in the number of chromosomes between individuals ^[15]
Chinchilla	Chinchilla lanigera	64 ^[16]
Echidna		63/64	63 (X₁Y₁X₂Y₂X₃Y₃X₄Y₄X₅, jantan) dan 64 (X₁X₁X₂X₂X₃X₃X₄X₄X₅X₅, betina)^[17]
Fennec Fox	Vulpes zerda	64^[10]
Kuda	Equus ferus caballus	64
Spotted Skunk	Spilogale x	64
Bagal		63	semi-infertile
Keledai	Equus africanus asinus	62
Jerapah	Giraffa camelopardalis	62
Gypsy moth		62
Bengal Fox	Vulpes bengalensis	60
Bison amerika	Bison bison	60
Sapi	Bos primigenius	60
Kambing		60
Woolly Mammoth	Mammuthus primigenius	58	punah; jaringan dari karkas beku
Gajah		56
Kera Capuchin	Cebus x	54^[18]
Hyrax	Hyracoidea	54^[19]	Hyraxes are considered to be the closest living relative to the Elephant.^[20]
Domba		54
Ngengat sutra	Bombyx mori	54
Kapas	Gossypium hirsutum	52^[21]	2n=4x; Cultivated upland cotton is derived from an allotetraploid
Platipus	Ornithorhynchus anatinus	52 ^[22]	Ten sex chromosomes.
Spectacled Bear	Tremarctos ornatus	52
Kit Fox		50
Nanas	Ananas comosus	50^[21]
Striped skunk	Mephitis mephitis	50
Zebrafish	Danio rerio	50^[23]
Beaver (Eurasian)	Castor fiber	48
Simpanse	Pan troglodytes	48^[24]
Deer Mouse	Peromyscus maniculatus	48
Gorila		48
Terwelu^[25]^[26]		48
Orang utan	Pongo x	48
Kentang	Solanum tuberosum	48^[21]	This is a tetraploid; wild relatives mostly have 2n=24.^[21]
Tembakau	Nicotiana tabacum	48^[21]	Cultivated species is a tetraploid.^[21]
Manusia	Homo sapiens	46^[27]	44 autosomal and 2 sex
Reeves's Muntjac	Muntiacus reevesi	46
Sable Antelope	Hippotragus niger	46
Lumba-lumba	Delphinidae Delphis	44
Eurasian Badger	Meles meles	44
Kelinci		44
Fossa	Cryptoprocta ferox	42
Panda raksasa	Ailuropoda melanoleuca	42
Haver	Avena sativa	42^[21]	This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Diploid and tetraploid cultivated species also exist.^[21]
Anjing rakun	Nyctereutes viverrinus	42	sejumlah sumber mengatakan sub-spesies berbeda dengan 38, 54, dan bahkan 56 kromosom
Rat		42
Kera Rhesus		42^[28]
Gandum	Triticum aestivum	42^[21]	This is a hexaploid with 2n=6x=42. Durum wheat is Triticum turgidum var. durum, and is a tetraploid with 2n=4x=28.^[21]
Beruang sigung	Gulo gulo	42
Beaver (Amerika)	Castor canadensis	40
European Polecat	Mustela putorius	40
Ferret	Mustela putorius furo	40
Hyena		40
Mangga	Mangifera indica	40^[21]
Tikus	Mus musculus	40^[29]
American Marten	Martes americana	38
Beech Marten	Martes foina	38
Kucing	Felis catus	38
Coatimundi		38
European Mink	Mustela lutreola	38
Fisher (animal)		38	a type of marten
Singa	Panthera leo	38
Oriental Small-clawed Otter	Aonyx cinerea	38
Babi		38
Pine Marten	Martes martes	38
Rakun	Procyon lotor	38^[30]
Sable	Martes zibellina	38
Sea Otter		38
Tanuki/Raccoon Dog	Nyctereutes procyonoides albus	38
Harimau	Panthera tigris	38
Cacing tanah	Lumbricus terrestris	36
Long-nosed Cusimanse (a type of mongoose)		36
Meerkat	Suricata suricatta	36
Red Panda		36
Bintang laut		36
Tibetan sand fox	Vulpes ferrilata	36
Yellow Mongoose	Cynictis penicillata	36
Porcupine	Erethizon dorsatum	34 ^[16]
Red Fox	Vulpes vulpes	34^[10]	Plus 3-5 microsomes.
Alfalfa	Medicago sativa	32^[21]	Cultivated alfalfa is tetraploid, with 2n=4x=32. Wild relatives have 2n=16.^[21]
American Badger	Taxidea taxus	32
European honey bee	Apis mellifera	32	32 untuk betina, jantan adalah haploid maka hanya punya 16.
Ragi	Saccharomyces cerivisiae	32
American Mink	Neovison vison	30
Pill millipede	Arthrosphaera magna attems	30	^[31]
Bittersweet nightshade	Solanum dulcamara	24^[32]^[33]
Husk Tomato	Physalis pubescens	24^[34]
Silverleaf nightshade	Solanum elaeagnifolium	24^[35]
Padi	Oryza sativa	24^[21]
Siput		24
Kacang-kacangan	Phaseolus sp.	22^[21]	Semua spesies dalam genus ini mempunyai jumlah kromosom yanbg sama, termasuk P. vulgaris, P. coccineus, P. acutifolis, dan P. lunatus.^[21]
Virginia Opossum	Didelphis virginiana	22^[36]
Cannabis	Cannabis sativa	20
Jagung	Zea mays	20^[21]
Kubis	Brassica oleracea	18^[21]	Broccoli, kubis, kale, kohlrabi, brussels sprouts, dan cauliflower semuanya adalah spesies yang sama dan mempunyai jumlah kromosom yang sama.^[21]
Lobak	Raphanus sativus	18^[21]
Kanguru		16	Ini termasuk beberapa anggota genus Macropus, tetapi tidak termasuk kanguru merah (M. rufus, 40)^[37]
Koala	Phascolarctos cinereus	16
Barley	Hordeum vulgare	14^[21]
Ercis	Pisum sativum	14^[21]
Rye	Secale cereale	14^[21]
Setan Tasmania	Sarcophilus harrisii	14
Jamur lendir	Dictyostelium discoideum	12 ^[38]
Swamp Wallaby	Wallabia bicolor	10/11	11 untuk jantan, 10 untuk betina^[39]
Nematoda	Caenorhabditis elegans	12/11	12 untuk hermafrodit, 11 untuk jantan
Thale Cress	Arabidopsis thaliana	10
Lalat buah	Drosophila melanogaster	8^[40]	6 autosomal, dan 2 seksual
Hawkweed		8
Muntjac India	Muntiacus muntjak	6/7^[41]	female/male
Nyamuk	Aedes aegypti	6^[42]	The 2n=6 chromosome number is conserved in the entire family Culicidae, except in Chagasia bathana which has 2n=8.^[42]
Spider mite		4–14^[43]	Spider mites (family Tetranychidae) are typically haplodiploidy (males are haploid, while females are diploid)^[43]
Jack jumper ant	Myrmecia pilosula	2^[44]	2 for females, males are haploid and thus have 1; smallest number possible. Other ant species have more chromosomes.^[44]

Lihat pula

Kromosom

Referensi

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Pranala luar

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