Latihan soal Reported Speech dan Indirect Speech Bahasa Inggris SMA menjadi salah satu materi penting yang perlu dipahami siswa karena sering berkaitan dengan perubahan kalimat langsung menjadi kalimat tidak langsung. Materi ini tidak hanya menguji kemampuan grammar, tetapi juga pemahaman terhadap perubahan tense, pronoun, keterangan waktu, serta susunan kalimat.
Reported Speech atau Indirect Speech digunakan ketika seseorang ingin menyampaikan kembali perkataan orang lain tanpa mengutipnya secara langsung. Agar lebih mudah memahami materi ini, siswa perlu mengetahui pola perubahan dari Direct Speech ke Reported Speech.
Artikel ini menyediakan penjelasan singkat, contoh, serta latihan soal Reported Speech dan Indirect Speech Bahasa Inggris SMA lengkap dengan jawaban dan pembahasannya.
Pengertian Reported Speech dan Indirect Speech
Reported Speech atau Indirect Speech adalah cara menyampaikan kembali perkataan seseorang tanpa menggunakan kutipan langsung.
Contohnya:
Direct Speech:
Rina said, “I am tired.”
Reported Speech:
Rina said that she was tired.
Pada kalimat pertama, perkataan Rina ditulis secara langsung menggunakan tanda kutip. Sementara itu, pada kalimat kedua, perkataan Rina disampaikan kembali oleh orang lain.
Dalam Reported Speech, beberapa bagian kalimat biasanya mengalami perubahan, terutama pronoun, tense, dan time expression.
Perubahan Tense dalam Reported Speech
Jika reporting verb menggunakan bentuk lampau seperti said, told, asked, tense pada kalimat yang dilaporkan biasanya mengalami perubahan.
Beberapa perubahan yang umum adalah:
- Simple Present → Simple Past
- Present Continuous → Past Continuous
- Present Perfect → Past Perfect
- Simple Past → Past Perfect
- Will → Would
- Can → Could
- May → Might
Contoh:
Direct:
Dina said, “I study English every day.”
Reported:
Dina said that she studied English every day.
Contoh lainnya:
Direct:
Andi said, “I will help you.”
Reported:
Andi said that he would help me.
Namun, perubahan tense tidak selalu wajib. Jika informasi yang disampaikan masih merupakan fakta umum atau masih benar sampai sekarang, bentuk tense tertentu dapat tetap digunakan sesuai konteks.
Perubahan Pronoun
Pronoun juga perlu disesuaikan dengan siapa yang berbicara dan siapa yang menerima informasi.
Contoh:
Direct:
Sinta said, “I like this book.”
Reported:
Sinta said that she liked that book.
Kata I berubah menjadi she karena yang berbicara adalah Sinta.
Selain itu, kata this dapat berubah menjadi that tergantung konteks.
Perubahan Keterangan Waktu
Keterangan waktu dan tempat juga dapat berubah ketika sebuah kalimat diubah menjadi Reported Speech.
Beberapa perubahan yang sering digunakan antara lain:
- now → then
- today → that day
- tomorrow → the next day / the following day
- yesterday → the previous day / the day before
- this → that
- these → those
- here → there
- last week → the previous week
Contoh:
Direct:
Budi said, “I will go there tomorrow.”
Reported:
Budi said that he would go there the next day.
Contoh Latihan Soal Reported Speech Bahasa Inggris SMA
Berikut beberapa contoh soal yang dapat digunakan untuk menguji pemahaman tentang Reported Speech dan Indirect Speech.
Soal 1
Rani said, “I am studying English now.”
The correct reported speech is …
A. Rani said that I am studying English then.
B. Rani said that she was studying English then.
C. Rani said that she is studying English now.
D. Rani says that she was studying English then.
E. Rani said that she studied English now.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
“I” berubah menjadi “she” karena Rani adalah perempuan. “am studying” berubah menjadi “was studying”, sedangkan “now” berubah menjadi “then”.
Soal 2
Doni said, “I will visit my grandmother tomorrow.”
The correct reported speech is …
A. Doni said that he would visit his grandmother the next day.
B. Doni said that I will visit my grandmother tomorrow.
C. Doni said that he will visit his grandmother yesterday.
D. Doni said that he would visited his grandmother tomorrow.
E. Doni says that he would visit his grandmother.
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
“will” berubah menjadi “would”, “I” menjadi “he”, dan “tomorrow” menjadi “the next day”.
Soal 3
Sarah said, “I have finished my homework.”
The correct reported speech is …
A. Sarah said that she has finished her homework.
B. Sarah said that she had finished her homework.
C. Sarah said that she finished my homework.
D. Sarah says that she had finished her homework.
E. Sarah said that I had finished her homework.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Present Perfect have finished berubah menjadi Past Perfect had finished. Pronoun “I” berubah menjadi “she”.
Soal 4
Tom said, “I can solve this problem.”
The correct reported speech is …
A. Tom said that he can solved that problem.
B. Tom said that he could solve that problem.
C. Tom said that I could solve this problem.
D. Tom says that he could solved that problem.
E. Tom said that he can solve this problem.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
“can” berubah menjadi “could”, sedangkan “this” berubah menjadi “that”. Setelah “could”, kata kerja tetap menggunakan bentuk pertama, yaitu solve.
Soal 5
Mother said to me, “Clean your room.”
The correct reported speech is …
A. Mother told me clean my room.
B. Mother said me to clean my room.
C. Mother told me to clean my room.
D. Mother told me cleaning my room.
E. Mother asked me cleaned my room.
Jawaban: C
Pembahasan:
Untuk perintah, pola yang umum digunakan adalah told + object + to + verb. Jadi, “Clean your room” menjadi “told me to clean my room.”
Reported Speech untuk Kalimat Tanya
Reported Speech juga dapat digunakan untuk menyampaikan pertanyaan.
Untuk Yes/No Question, biasanya digunakan if atau whether.
Contoh:
Direct:
Dina asked, “Are you ready?”
Reported:
Dina asked if I was ready.
Untuk pertanyaan dengan kata tanya seperti what, where, when, why, who, how, kata tanya tetap digunakan.
Contoh:
Direct:
He asked me, “Where do you live?”
Reported:
He asked me where I lived.
Perhatikan bahwa dalam Indirect Speech, susunan kalimat berubah menjadi susunan pernyataan. Kita tidak lagi menggunakan pola pertanyaan seperti “where do you live”, tetapi menjadi “where I lived”.
Soal 6
The teacher asked me, “Where do you live?”
The correct reported speech is …
A. The teacher asked me where did I live.
B. The teacher asked me where I lived.
C. The teacher asked me where do I live.
D. The teacher said where I lived?
E. The teacher asked where did I live.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Dalam reported question, susunan kalimat menjadi seperti pernyataan. “Where do you live?” berubah menjadi “where I lived.”
Soal 7
Mother asked me, “Have you eaten breakfast?”
The correct reported speech is …
A. Mother asked me if I had eaten breakfast.
B. Mother asked me if had I eaten breakfast.
C. Mother asked me have I eaten breakfast.
D. Mother said that I have eaten breakfast.
E. Mother asked me that I ate breakfast.
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Karena pertanyaan tersebut merupakan Yes/No Question, digunakan if. Present Perfect “have eaten” berubah menjadi Past Perfect “had eaten”.
Reported Speech untuk Kalimat Larangan
Kalimat larangan biasanya menggunakan pola:
told + object + not to + verb
Contoh:
Direct:
Father said to me, “Don’t be late.”
Reported:
Father told me not to be late.
Soal 8
The teacher said to the students, “Don’t make noise.”
The correct reported speech is …
A. The teacher told the students not to make noise.
B. The teacher said the students don’t make noise.
C. The teacher told the students to not made noise.
D. The teacher asked the students not making noise.
E. The teacher said to students don’t make noise.
Jawaban: A
Pembahasan:
Kalimat tersebut merupakan larangan. Polanya adalah told + object + not to + verb, sehingga jawabannya adalah “told the students not to make noise.”
Soal 9
Lisa said, “I went to Bandung last week.”
The correct reported speech is …
A. Lisa said that she went to Bandung last week.
B. Lisa said that she had gone to Bandung the previous week.
C. Lisa said that she has gone to Bandung last week.
D. Lisa said that I had gone to Bandung the previous week.
E. Lisa says that she went to Bandung yesterday.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Simple Past “went” berubah menjadi Past Perfect “had gone”. Sementara “last week” berubah menjadi “the previous week”.
Soal 10
The principal asked, “Why are you late?”
The correct reported speech is …
A. The principal asked why was I late.
B. The principal asked why I was late.
C. The principal asked why am I late.
D. The principal said why I am late.
E. The principal asked why did I late.
Jawaban: B
Pembahasan:
Dalam reported question, susunan pertanyaan diubah menjadi susunan pernyataan. “Why are you late?” menjadi “why I was late.”
Tips Mengerjakan Soal Reported Speech
Agar lebih mudah mengerjakan soal Reported Speech dan Indirect Speech Bahasa Inggris SMA, perhatikan beberapa hal berikut.
Pertama, tentukan siapa yang berbicara agar pronoun dapat diubah dengan tepat.
Kedua, perhatikan reporting verb. Jika menggunakan bentuk lampau seperti said, told, atau asked, periksa kemungkinan perubahan tense.
Ketiga, hafalkan perubahan tense yang sering digunakan, seperti is → was, am → was, are → were, will → would, can → could, dan have/has → had.
Keempat, perhatikan keterangan waktu seperti today, tomorrow, yesterday, now, dan last week.
Kelima, untuk reported question, jangan mempertahankan susunan pertanyaan. Setelah kata tanya atau if/whether, gunakan susunan seperti kalimat pernyataan.
Kesimpulan
Reported Speech dan Indirect Speech merupakan materi grammar Bahasa Inggris yang penting untuk dipelajari siswa SMA. Materi ini membutuhkan ketelitian karena terdapat beberapa perubahan, mulai dari tense, pronoun, keterangan waktu, hingga struktur kalimat.
Dengan rutin mengerjakan latihan soal Reported Speech, siswa akan lebih terbiasa mengenali pola perubahan Direct Speech menjadi Indirect Speech. Pemahaman tersebut juga dapat membantu dalam menghadapi tugas sekolah maupun berbagai jenis ujian Bahasa Inggris.
Penulis: Shofiya M.P
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