Passive voice adalah salah satu topik penting dalam bahasa Inggris yang sering muncul di berbagai ujian seperti ujian sekolah SMP dan SMA, UTBK, hingga tes seleksi masuk perguruan tinggi dan CPNS. Passive voice digunakan ketika fokus kalimat ingin diletakkan pada penerima tindakan, bukan pelaku. Dalam passive voice, subjek menerima aksi dan biasanya menggunakan pola to be + past participle (V3). Pelaku aksi bisa disebutkan menggunakan kata “by,” namun kadang dihilangkan jika tidak relevan atau tidak diketahui

Materi passive voice sering diujikan karena banyak digunakan dalam kalimat fakta, instruksi, prosedur, laporan, berita, dan teks akademik. Soal ujian biasanya berbentuk pilihan ganda yang menguji kemampuan siswa untuk mengubah kalimat active menjadi passive, memilih kata kerja yang tepat, atau memahami konteks kalimat. Latihan soal pilihan ganda adalah metode efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan kemampuan analisis siswa terhadap passive voice

Pengertian Passive Voice

Passive voice adalah kalimat yang menekankan penerima tindakan. Contoh active voice: “The teacher teaches the students.” Kalimat passive-nya: “The students are taught by the teacher.” Di sini subjek “the students” menerima aksi, bukan melakukan aksi. Rumus passive voice tergantung tense:

• Simple Present: am/is/are + V3 → “The book is read by the student.”
• Present Continuous: am/is/are + being + V3 → “The house is being cleaned by the maid.”
• Simple Past: was/were + V3 → “The car was repaired by the mechanic.”
• Past Continuous: was/were + being + V3 → “The room was being painted by the workers.”
• Present Perfect: has/have + been + V3 → “The project has been completed by the team.”
• Future: will + be + V3 → “The homework will be done by the students.”

Memahami pola ini sangat penting untuk mengidentifikasi tense dan mengubah kalimat active menjadi passive dengan tepat. Passive voice juga digunakan dalam kalimat dengan modal verbs seperti can, should, must, dan may. Rumusnya: modal + be + V3. Contoh: “The windows should be cleaned.”

Latihan Contoh Soal Pilihan Ganda Passive Voice yang Sering Muncul di Ujian

Soal 1
The students ______ the homework yesterday.
A. do
B. did
C. are done
D. were done
E. was done

Jawaban: E. was done
Pembahasan: Kalimat simple past tense. Passive voice: “The homework was done by the students yesterday.” Fokus pada penerima aksi “the homework.”

Soal 2
The cake ______ by my mother now.
A. bakes
B. is baked
C. is being baked
D. was baked
E. has baked

Jawaban: C. is being baked
Pembahasan: Kata “now” menunjukkan present continuous tense. Rumus passive: am/is/are + being + V3 → “The cake is being baked by my mother now.”

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Soal 3
The letter has already ______ by the secretary.
A. wrote
B. written
C. been written
D. write
E. writing

Jawaban: C. been written
Pembahasan: Present perfect tense. Passive voice rumus: has/have + been + V3 → “The letter has been written by the secretary.”

Soal 4
The car ______ by the mechanic when I arrived.
A. repaired
B. was repairing
C. was being repaired
D. is repaired
E. repairs

Jawaban: C. was being repaired
Pembahasan: Past continuous tense passive, karena aksi sedang berlangsung → “The car was being repaired by the mechanic when I arrived.”

Soal 5
English is ______ all over the world.
A. speak
B. spoken
C. speaking
D. spoke
E. speaks

Jawaban: B. spoken
Pembahasan: Simple present passive digunakan untuk fakta umum → “English is spoken all over the world.”

Soal 6
They will finish the project next week → Passive voice
A. The project will be finished by them next week
B. The project is finished by them next week
C. The project has been finished by them next week
D. The project will have been finishing by them next week
E. The project is being finished by them next week

Jawaban: A. The project will be finished by them next week
Pembahasan: Future tense passive: will + be + V3 → “The project will be finished by them next week.”

Soal 7
Someone stole my bag → Passive voice
A. My bag was stolen
B. My bag is stolen
C. My bag has been stolen
D. My bag stole
E. My bag being stolen

Jawaban: A. My bag was stolen
Pembahasan: Simple past tense passive. Pelaku tidak disebutkan → “My bag was stolen.”

Soal 8
The students ______ their essays before the deadline.
A. submit
B. were submitted
C. had submitted
D. had been submitted
E. have submitted

Jawaban: D. had been submitted
Pembahasan: Past perfect tense passive → had + been + V3 → “The students’ essays had been submitted before the deadline.”

Soal 9
The windows are dirty. Somebody should clean them → Passive voice
A. The windows should be cleaned
B. The windows should clean
C. The windows are cleaned
D. The windows being cleaned
E. The windows should have cleaned

Jawaban: A. The windows should be cleaned
Pembahasan: Modal verb + be + V3 → “The windows should be cleaned.”

Soal 10
People speak English all over the world → Passive voice
A. English is spoken all over the world
B. English speaks all over the world
C. English spoken all over the world
D. English is speaking all over the world
E. English was spoken all over the world

Jawaban: A. English is spoken all over the world
Pembahasan: Simple present passive untuk fakta umum → “English is spoken all over the world.”

Soal 11
The manager ______ the report by next Monday.
A. will prepare
B. will be prepared
C. will be prepared by
D. will be preparing
E. prepares

Jawaban: B. will be prepared
Pembahasan: Future tense passive: will + be + V3 → “The report will be prepared by the manager by next Monday.”

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Soal 12
Someone has eaten my sandwich → Passive voice
A. My sandwich has eaten
B. My sandwich has been eaten
C. My sandwich is eaten
D. My sandwich was eaten
E. My sandwich being eaten

Jawaban: B. My sandwich has been eaten
Pembahasan: Present perfect tense passive → has/have + been + V3 → “My sandwich has been eaten.”

Soal 13
The children are playing football → Passive voice
A. Football is played by the children
B. Football are played by the children
C. Football is being played by the children
D. Football being played by the children
E. Football has been played by the children

Jawaban: C. Football is being played by the children
Pembahasan: Present continuous tense passive → am/is/are + being + V3 → “Football is being played by the children.”

Soal 14
The workers built a new bridge → Passive voice
A. A new bridge built by the workers
B. A new bridge was built by the workers
C. A new bridge is built by the workers
D. A new bridge was being built by the workers
E. A new bridge has built by the workers

Jawaban: B. A new bridge was built by the workers
Pembahasan: Simple past passive → was/were + V3 → “A new bridge was built by the workers.”

Soal 15
They have cleaned the classroom → Passive voice
A. The classroom has been cleaned
B. The classroom has cleaned
C. The classroom is cleaned
D. The classroom is being cleaned
E. The classroom cleaned

Jawaban: A. The classroom has been cleaned
Pembahasan: Present perfect tense passive → has/have + been + V3 → “The classroom has been cleaned.”

Tips Belajar Passive Voice yang Efektif

1. Pahami rumus passive voice untuk semua tense.
2. Hafalkan bentuk past participle (V3) dari kata kerja yang sering muncul.
3. Perhatikan kata keterangan waktu untuk menentukan tense.
4. Latih transformasi kalimat active → passive dan sebaliknya.
5. Kuasai penggunaan modal verbs dalam passive voice.
6. Fokus pada soal fakta umum, instruksi, dan prosedur.
7. Gunakan tabel perbandingan active → passive untuk mempermudah pemahaman.
8. Baca teks berita atau artikel bahasa Inggris untuk melihat penggunaan passive voice dalam konteks nyata.
9. Latihan rutin setiap hari untuk membiasakan diri dengan pola passive voice.
10. Setelah menjawab soal, selalu periksa kembali tense dan bentuk kata kerja untuk memastikan jawaban tepat.

Kesimpulan

Latihan soal passive voice yang sering muncul di ujian membantu siswa mengenali pola dan meningkatkan kemampuan analisis kalimat. Dengan memahami rumus, tense, dan penggunaan modal verbs, siswa dapat mengubah kalimat active menjadi passive dengan cepat dan tepat. Kumpulan soal di atas, beserta pembahasannya, merupakan referensi penting untuk mempersiapkan ujian bahasa Inggris SMP, SMA, dan seleksi masuk perguruan tinggi. Latihan rutin akan meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa dan kemampuan mereka dalam menghadapi soal passive voice

Penulis : Reyfen