Efek samping yang umum termasuk jerawat, sakit kepala, nyeri payudara, peningkatan berat badan, dan perubahan menstruasi. Efek samping yang jarang terjadi mungkin termasuk kadar kalium tinggi dan pembekuan darah (bila dikonsumsi sebagai pil kombinasi estrogen-progestogen), antara lain.[4][12] Drospirenon adalah progestin atau progestogen sintetis, dan karenanya merupakan agonis reseptor progesteron, yakni target biologis progestogen seperti progesteron. Obat ini memiliki aktivitas antimineralokortikoid dan antiandrogenik tambahan dan tidak memiliki aktivitas hormonal penting lainnya.[1] Karena aktivitas antimineralokortikoidnya dan kurangnya aktivitas off-target yang tidak diinginkan, drospirenon dikatakan lebih mirip dengan progesteron bioidentik daripada progestin lainnya.[13][14]
Drospirenon dipatenkan pada tahun 1976 dan diperkenalkan untuk penggunaan medis pada tahun 2000.[15][16] Obat ini tersedia secara luas di seluruh dunia.[10] Obat ini terkadang disebut sebagai "progestin generasi keempat".[17][18] Obat ini tersedia sebagai obat generik.[19]
↑Gaspard U, Endrikat J, Desager JP, Buicu C, Gerlinger C, Heithecker R (April 2004). "A randomized study on the influence of oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol combined with drospirenone or desogestrel on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism over a period of 13 cycles". Contraception. 69 (4): 271–278. doi:10.1016/j.contraception.2003.11.003. PMID15033400.
↑Krattenmacher R (July 2000). "Drospirenone: pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of a unique progestogen". Contraception (dalam bahasa English). 62 (1): 29–38. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(00)00133-5. PMID11024226. Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (link)
Archer DF (February 2007). "Drospirenone-containing hormone therapy for postmenopausal women. Perspective on current data". The Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 52 (2 Suppl): 159–164. PMID17477110.
Archer DF (2007). "Drospirenone, a progestin with added value for hypertensive postmenopausal women". Menopause. 14 (3 Pt 1): 352–354. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e31804d440b. PMID17414576.
Bitzer J, Paoletti AM (2009). "Added benefits and user satisfaction with a low-dose oral contraceptive containing drospirenone: results of three multicentre trials". Clinical Drug Investigation. 29 (2): 73–78. doi:10.2165/0044011-200929020-00001. PMID19133702. S2CID10356578.
Dickerson V (November 2002). "Quality of life issues. Potential role for an oral contraceptive containing ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone". The Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 47 (11 Suppl): 985–993. PMID12497673.
Fenton C, Wellington K, Moen MD, Robinson DM (2007). "Drospirenone/ethinylestradiol 3mg/20microg (24/4 day regimen): a review of its use in contraception, premenstrual dysphoric disorder and moderate acne vulgaris". Drugs. 67 (12): 1749–1765. doi:10.2165/00003495-200767120-00007. PMID17683173. S2CID46976925.
Han L, Jensen JT (October 2014). "Expert opinion on a flexible extended regimen of drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol contraceptive". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 15 (14): 2071–2079. doi:10.1517/14656566.2014.949237. PMID25186109. S2CID25338932.
Idota N, Kobayashi M, Miyamori D, Kakiuchi Y, Ikegaya H (March 2015). "Drospirenone detected in postmortem blood of a young woman with pulmonary thromboembolism: A case report and review of the literature". Legal Medicine. 17 (2): 109–115. doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2014.10.001. PMID25454533.
Krattenmacher R (July 2000). "Drospirenone: pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of a unique progestogen". Contraception. 62 (1): 29–38. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(00)00133-5. PMID11024226.
Lete I, Chabbert-Buffet N, Jamin C, Lello S, Lobo P, Nappi RE, Pintiaux A (2015). "Haemostatic and metabolic impact of estradiol pills and drospirenone-containing ethinylestradiol pills vs. levonorgestrel-containing ethinylestradiol pills: A literature review". The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care. 20 (5): 329–343. doi:10.3109/13625187.2015.1050091. PMID26007631. S2CID41601833.
Li J, Ren J, Sun W (March 2017). "A comparative systematic review of Yasmin (drospirenone pill) versus standard treatment options for symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome". European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. 210: 13–21. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.11.013. PMID27923166.
Motivala A, Pitt B (2007). "Drospirenone for oral contraception and hormone replacement therapy: are its cardiovascular risks and benefits the same as other progestogens?". Drugs. 67 (5): 647–655. doi:10.2165/00003495-200767050-00001. PMID17385938. S2CID22985078.
Oelkers W (December 2002). "Antimineralocorticoid activity of a novel oral contraceptive containing drospirenone, a unique progestogen resembling natural progesterone". The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care. 7 (Suppl 3): 19–26, discussion 42–3. PMID12659403.
Oelkers W (December 2000). "Drospirenone--a new progestogen with antimineralocorticoid activity, resembling natural progesterone". The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care. 5 (Suppl 3): 17–24. doi:10.1080/14730782.2000.12288986. PMID11246598. S2CID35051390.
Oelkers W (March 2004). "Drospirenone, a progestogen with antimineralocorticoid properties: a short review". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 217 (1–2): 255–261. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.10.030. PMID15134826. S2CID19936032.
Rapkin RB, Creinin MD (October 2011). "The combined oral contraceptive pill containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol plus levomefolate calcium". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 12 (15): 2403–2410. doi:10.1517/14656566.2011.610791. PMID21877996. S2CID40231903.
Rübig A (October 2003). "Drospirenone: a new cardiovascular-active progestin with antialdosterone and antiandrogenic properties". Climacteric. 6 (Suppl 3): 49–54. PMID15018248.
Sehovic N, Smith KP (May 2010). "Risk of venous thromboembolism with drospirenone in combined oral contraceptive products". The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 44 (5): 898–903. doi:10.1345/aph.1M649. PMID20371756. S2CID8248469.
Shulman LP (June 2006). "A review of drospirenone for safety and tolerability and effects on endometrial safety and lipid parameters contrasted with medroxyprogesterone acetate, levonorgestrel, and micronized progesterone". Journal of Women's Health. 15 (5): 584–590. doi:10.1089/jwh.2006.15.584. PMID16796485.
Simoncini T, Genazzani AR (February 2010). "A review of the cardiovascular and breast actions of drospirenone in preclinical studies". Climacteric. 13 (1): 22–33. doi:10.3109/13697130903437375. PMID19938948. S2CID4306359.
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Toni I, Neubert A, Botzenhardt S, Gratzki N, Rascher W (September 2013). "Venous thromboembolism in adolescents associated with drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives - two case reports". Klinische Padiatrie. 225 (5): 266–267. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1353169. PMID23975850. S2CID19085818.
Whitehead M (March 2006). "Hormone replacement therapy with estradiol and drospirenone: an overview of the clinical data". The Journal of the British Menopause Society. 12 (Suppl 1): 4–7. doi:10.1258/136218006775992185. PMID16513012. S2CID38095916.
Zhao X, Zhang XF, Zhao Y, Lin X, Li NY, Paudel G, Wang QY, Zhang XW, Li XL, Yu J (September 2016). "Effect of combined drospirenone with estradiol for hypertensive postmenopausal women: a systemic review and meta-analysis". Gynecological Endocrinology. 32 (9): 685–689. doi:10.1080/09513590.2016.1183629. PMID27176003. S2CID9116138.
