Abdurrahman bin Abdul Aziz al-Sudais (bahasa Arab:عَبْدُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلسُّدَيْسِcode: ar is deprecated , translit.ʻAbd ar-Raḥman ibn ʻAbd al-ʻAziz as-Sudais) (lahir 10 Februari 1960), lebih dikenal sebagai as-Sudais,[1] adalah Imam Besar Masjidil Haram di Makkah, Arab Saudi; Presiden Urusan Dua Masjid Suci;[2] seorang Qāriʾ (pembaca Al-Qur'an) yang terkenal;[3] ia dinobatkan sebagai "Tokoh Islam Tahun Ini" dalam Penghargaan Al-Qur'an Internasional Dubai pada tahun 2005.[4] Al-Sudais telah menyerukan penolakan Islam terhadap "ledakan dan terorisme",[5][6] serta mendesak dialog antaragama yang damai,[7] namun juga dikritik karena menghina non-Muslim.[8][9] Ia mengecam perlakuan terhadap Palestina oleh pemukim Israel dan negara Israel,[10] serta menyerukan lebih banyak bantuan untuk Palestina.[11] Pada tahun 2016, ia menyampaikan khotbahhaji yang sangat penting kepada banyak jamaah yang berkumpul di Arafat setelah salat.[12][13]
Kehidupan awal dan karier
Al-Sudais berasal dari klan Anazzah, dan dia telah menghafal Al-Quran pada usia 12 tahun. Tumbuh di Riyadh, as-Sudais belajar di Sekolah Dasar al-Mutsanna bin Haritsah, dan kemudian di Ma'had 'Ilmi (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan) Riyadh tempat dia lulus pada tahun 1979 dengan nilai sangat baik. Dia memperoleh gelar di bidang Syariah dari Universitas Riyadh pada tahun 1983, gelar Master dalam dasar-dasar Islam dari Sekolah Tinggi Syariah Universitas Islam Imam Muhammad bin Saud pada tahun 1987 dan menerima gelar Ph.D. dalam Syariah Islam dari Universitas Umm al-Qura pada tahun 1995 saat bekerja di sana sebagai asisten profesor setelah bertugas di Universitas Riyadh.[14]
Sudais menjadi imam Masjidil Haram pada tahun 1984, di usia 22 tahun, dan melakukan khutbah pertamanya pada bulan Juni 1984. Bersama dengan Syaikh Saud asy-Syuraim - mereka menjadi imam shalat Tarawih dari tahun 1994 hingga 2006, dan lagi pada tahun 2014, 2019 dan 2020. Mereka diberi gelar "Duet emas al-Haram".[15]
Ia diangkat menjadi kepala "Kepresidenan untuk Dua Masjid Suci dengan pangkat menteri" melalui keputusan kerajaan pada tanggal 8 Mei 2012.[15] Ia juga merupakan anggota Akademi Bahasa Arab di Makkah.[16] Pada tahun 2017, al-Sudais menyutradarai film One Day in the Haram, sebuah film tentang al-Haram Makkah, yang diceritakan melalui sudut pandang para pekerja.[17]
Dari tahun 2010 hingga 2012, ia mengunjungi India, Pakistan, Malaysia, dan Inggris. Di antara kegiatannya adalah menjadi tuan rumah seminar di Institut Tinggi Studi Islam Lanjutan di Malaysia pada tahun 2011, di mana ia berbicara tentang peradaban Islam dengan latar belakang tantangan modern.[15] Sedangkan ke Indonesia, as-Sudais pernah berkunjung pada tahun 2010 dan 2014 dan pernah menjadi pembicara dalam seminar kemoderatan dalam Al-Qur'an dan Hadis di Hotel Shangri-La, Jakarta.[18][19]
Pada tahun 2005, Ia mendapatkan penghargaan sebagai Tokoh Muslim tahun 2005 dari Penghargaan al-Qur'an Internasional Dubai sesi kesembilan atas jasanya dalam bidang al-Qur'an dan Islam.[21] Saat menerima penghargaan, ia berkata: "Pesan Islam dan umat Islam adalah kesederhanaan, keadilan, keamanan, stabilitas, simpati, harmoni dan kebaikan".[22]
↑"Fight terrorism jointly: Al-Sudais". Arab News. Saudi Arabia. September 12, 2009. ISSN0254-833X. OCLC4574467. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal January 17, 2011. Diakses tanggal January 22, 2012. More than three million Muslim faithful attended jumʼa, taraweeh and Qiyamullail prayers at the Two Holy Mosques on Friday as the imam of the Grand Mosque in Makkah called for joint efforts to combat terrorism.
↑"Sudais Leads Prayers for Inter-Faith Peace and Harmony". Arab News. Saudi Arabia. June 12, 2004. ISSN0254-833X. OCLC4574467. Diakses tanggal October 19, 2014. More than three million Muslims attended Jumu'ah, Taraweeh and Qiyam al-Layl prayers at the Two Sacred Mosques on Friday as the imam of the Grand Mosque in Makkah called for joint efforts to combat terrorism...Also on hand for the launch of the 10-million-pound ($18 million) London Muslim Center were guests including....Racial Equality Minister Fiona Mactaggart. Prince Charles, in Washington for the funeral of former US President Ronald Reagan, also took part by way of a pre-recorded message.
↑Sacranie, Iqbal; Abdul Bari, Muhammad; Kantharia, Mehboob; Siddiqui, Ghayasuddin (August 21, 2005). "A Question of Leadership". Panorama (Interview). Diwawancarai oleh John Ware. London, England: BBC. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-30. Sheikh Abdur-Rahman Al-Sudais, Imam, Ka'ba, Mecca, Saudi Arabia: The history of Islam is the best testament to how different communities can live together in peace and harmony. Muslims must exemplify the true image of Islam in their interaction with other communities.
John Ware: Sheikh Sudais is a leading Imam from the great mosque in Mecca, Islam's holiest city. He had one voice for his Western audience - another for his followers in Saudi.
Sheikh Abdur-Rahman Al-Sudais: The worst...of the enemies of Islam are those...whom he...made monkeys and pigs, the aggressive Jews and oppressive Zionists and those that follow them: the callers of the trinity and the cross worshippers...those influenced by the rottenness of their ideas, and the poison of their cultures the followers of secularism...how can we talk sweetly when the Hindus and the idol worshippers kuffar...indulge in their overwhelming hatred against our brothers...in Muslim Kashmir...
↑Moore, Charles (July 9, 2005). "Where is the Gandhi of Islam?". The Daily Telegraph. Diakses tanggal 2008-10-31. In Mecca two years ago, al Sudais described Jews as 'scum of the earth', 'rats of the world' and 'monkeys and pigs who should be annihilated'. Yet, criticise Al Sudais, and Mohammed Abdul Bari leaps furiously to his defence.[pranala nonaktif]
↑"Shaikh Al-Sudais, Imam of Al-Haram Mosque in Makkah Calls on Muslims to Work Towards Lifting Israeli Siege of Gaza, and Liberation of Al-Aqsa Mosque". Cross-Cultural Understanding. Al-Jazeerah. November 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi aslinya tanggal 2011-01-02. Diakses tanggal January 22, 2012. The Sheikh demanded an end to the Israeli siege against the Gaza Strip, calling on the Palestinians to unite and put aside their differences... Calling for the liberation of Palestine, Al-Sudais said now is the time for Palestinian factions to bury their differences. These differences have only added to the miseries of our brothers and sisters in Palestine. This inhuman blockade has made life hellish for them.
↑Ghafour, Abdul (February 2, 2008). "Sudais Warns of Gaza Catastrophe". Arab News. Saudi Arabia. ISSN0254-833X. OCLC4574467. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal June 16, 2012. Diakses tanggal January 22, 2012. The imam rebuked Western countries that speak profusely about human rights, freedom and democratic values for keeping mum on the continuing Israeli atrocities in occupied palestinian territories. Delivering his Juʼma sermon to the thousands of faithful who thronged the large mosque complex, the imam called for quick delivery of relief supplies such as food and medicine to the people of Gaza. "Our brothers in Gaza are facing death and destruction, hunger and siege... After God, only you can boost their morale and save them from this trial," Al-Sudais told Muslims all over the world. "Help them, donate for them, especially in this harsh weather condition. They are living in dark without electricity, hunger and poverty. They don't have water or food and medicine. The economic siege has made their lives extremely difficult," the Saudi Press Agency quoted the imam as saying.
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